| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| Summary
Before version 0.8.1, Pingora's HTTP/2 server used the h2 crate's default limits unless the application set its own 16 MiB decoded header-list size and no limit on concurrent streams. A remote, unauthenticated client can send 1-byte HPACK references to a near-empty header, making the server allocate hundreds of thousands of header fields per stream across an unlimited number of streams on one connection, and use HTTP/2 flow control to keep those streams open. This can exhaust memory and degrade or terminate the Pingora process.
Impact
Remote, unauthenticated denial of service against any Pingora service that terminates HTTP/2 (h2 or h2c) without explicitly setting max_header_list_size and max_concurrent_streams. The reporter showed that a single connection could get a Pingora process with a 2 GiB memory limit OOM-killed.
Note that Cloudflare CDN customers were unaffected, as internal Pingora services at Cloudflare do not have HTTP/2 clients.
Mitigation:
*
Upgrade to pingora 0.8.1 or later (fix: https://github.com/cloudflare/pingora/commit/d193c8d49b8b7c1c1ede93183759caa4f6906bbd ). When no H2Options are supplied, Pingora now advertises and enforces a 64 KiB decoded header-list limit and at most 100 concurrent streams per connection.
*
Applications that supply their own H2Options are not covered by these defaults and must set max_header_list_size and max_concurrent_streams explicitly (this also works on versions before 0.8.1), or, on 0.8.1 and later, start from pingora_core::protocols::http::v2::server::default_h2_options(). H2Options::default() does not include these limits. |
| Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Microsoft Windows Search Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Use after free in Windows Local Security Authority (LSA) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Improper authorization in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to perform tampering locally. |
| Out-of-bounds write in Active Directory Domain Services allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Bind Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Double free in Windows DHCP Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Use after free in Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Deployment Services allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Scripting Engine allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Untrusted pointer dereference in RPC Runtime allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Improper certificate validation in Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Network Policy Server (NPS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network. |
| Reliance on untrusted inputs in a security decision in Microsoft PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Improper verification of cryptographic signature in Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network. |
| Uncontrolled resource consumption in RPC Endpoint Mapper Service allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network. |
